ANALYSIS OF THE CLINICAL PROGRESSION CHARACTERISTICS OF THE DISEASE IN PATIENTS WITH SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS
Keywords:
systemic lupus erythematosus; clinical progression; renal involvement; autoantibodies; gender differences; disease activity; immunological profileAbstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by heterogeneous clinical manifestations and variable disease progression. This study aimed to analyze the clinical progression characteristics of SLE and evaluate gender-related differences in clinical and immunological profiles. A total of 98 patients fulfilling the American College of Rheumatology classification criteria were included in the study, comprising 78 females and 20 males. Demographic, clinical, and laboratory data were assessed, and disease activity was evaluated using standardized indices. Although the overall number of involved organs did not significantly differ between genders, variations were observed in the pattern of organ involvement. Renal manifestations were significantly more frequent in male patients, while joint involvement was more common among females. Logistic regression analysis demonstrated a significant association between male gender and renal involvement as well as oral ulcer occurrence. Immunological assessment revealed that anti-dsDNA antibodies were the most frequently detected autoantibodies. Anti-SSA and anti-Ro52 antibodies were less common in males, and anti-SSB antibodies were absent in male patients. Renal involvement was associated with higher anti-dsDNA positivity and lower anti-SSA/anti-SSB frequency. These findings indicate notable gender-based differences in clinical manifestations and immunological characteristics, particularly regarding renal involvement, which may influence disease progression and prognosis in SLE patients.
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