THE ART OF WAR OF AMIR TEMUR AS REFLECTED IN THE “TEMUR TUZUKLARI” (“INSTITUTES OF TIMUR”)
Keywords:
Amir Temur, Temur Tuzuklari, military art, tactics, strategy, operational art, battle formation, favj, barong‘or, javong‘or, hirovul, chopovul, shiqovul, cavalry, infantry, maneuver.Abstract
This article analyzes the military art of Amir Temur, the structure of his army, the organization of battle formations, tactical maneuvers, operational deployment, and strategic command as reflected in the Temur Tuzuklari (“Institutes of Timur”). Although Temur’s military system shared certain organizational principles with the army of Genghis Khan, it differed significantly from the latter in terms of structure and function. Temur’s army was characterized by the integration of cavalry and infantry units, the use of artillery, specially trained units adapted to operations in mountainous terrain, the flexible modification of battle formations according to the situation, feigned retreat, outflanking maneuvers, ambushes, and successive strikes. The article also examines the deployment principles for armies of 12,000 and more than 40,000 troops described in the Temur Tuzuklari, demonstrating the interrelationship between tactics, operational art, and strategy.
References
1. Sharaf al-Din Ali Yazdi. Zafarnama.
2. Nizam al-Din Shami. Zafarnama.
3. Ibn Arabshah. Aja'ib al-Maqdur fi Akhbar Taymur.
4. Amir Temur. Temur Tuzuklari (The Institutes of Timur).
5.Scholarly studies on the military art and state administration of the Timurid period.
6.Archaeological and historical sources relating to the history of Central Asia and the Timurid period.
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