Educa Journal of Studies is a peer-reviewed, open-access academic journal focusing on scholarly research and studies across multiple disciplines with a strong emphasis on education and allied fields. The journal provides a reliable platform for publishing research that supports academic development and practical applications. Aim & Scope The journal aims to publish rigorous research and scholarly studies that contribute to education and interdisciplinary knowledge. Scope includes: Education, Teacher Education, Educational Technology, Social Sciences, Humanities, Management Studies, Applied Sciences, and Interdisciplinary Research. ISSN (E): 3054-3355 ResearchBib: 10.40
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INDICATORS OF EFFECTIVENESS IN DEVELOPING THE PROFESSIONAL COMPETENCIES OF ENERGY STUDENTS THROUGH ADAPTIVE EDUCATION TECHNOLOGIES BASED ON ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE (RESPONDENTS IN QUANTITY AND PERCENTAGE)
This scientific article analyzes the final results and average academic performance of the conducted experiment to determine the effectiveness indicators for developing the professional competencies of energy students through adaptive educational technologies based on artificial intelligence using the Student's t-test and Pearson's χ2 mathematical-statistical method.
Artificial intelligence, adaptive educational technologies, energy direction, student, Pearson's, mathematical statistics, competencies, hypothesis, variational series.
Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
ENERGY-EFFICIENT AND LOGISTIC PERFORMANCE OF LED STRIP LIGHTING SYSTEMS IN OPEN-PIT MINES
This study evaluates the economic, energy-saving, and operational advantages of replacing conventional high-power lighting systems with LED strip lighting technologies in open-pit mining operations. The research demonstrates that color-coded LED strip lighting can effectively guide heavy-duty haul trucks, improve traffic safety, optimize haulage logistics, and significantly reduce electrical energy consumption. Furthermore, the application of LED strip lighting enhances visibility under adverse weather conditions, thereby contributing to safer and more efficient mining operations. The results indicate that implementing LED strip lighting systems offers substantial economic benefits while improving the sustainability of surface mining activities.
Open-pit mining, LED strip lighting, energy efficiency, haul truck, mine transportation, mine logistics, traffic safety, sustainable mining.
THE NEUROSCIENCE OF FORGETTING IN LANGUAGE LEARNING: WHY STUDENTS KNOW BUT CANNOT USE ENGLISH
One of the most persistent challenges in second language acquisition is the gap between language knowledge and language performance. Many English learners demonstrate understanding of vocabulary, grammar rules, and sentence structures during controlled classroom activities but experience difficulties when they attempt to use the same knowledge in spontaneous communication. This phenomenon is often interpreted by learners as a lack of ability, weak memory, or age-related cognitive decline. However, contemporary research in cognitive neuroscience suggests that such difficulties may result not from the absence of knowledge but from problems related to memory accessibility, retrieval processes, and the development of automatic language skills. This article examines the neuro-cognitive mechanisms underlying the difference between knowing and using English. Drawing on research in declarative and procedural memory, retrieval practice, cognitive load theory, and second language acquisition, the study explores why learners may recognize linguistic information but fail to produce it effectively. A classroom-based exploratory study involving adult ESL learners was conducted to examine differences between recognition-based tasks and productive language activities. The findings demonstrate that learners often possessed explicit knowledge of English structures but experienced difficulty accessing this knowledge during communication. The study argues that effective language instruction should focus not only on presenting linguistic information but also on developing retrieval pathways, procedural knowledge, and automaticity through meaningful language production.
Neuroscience of language learning; retrieval failure; declarative memory; procedural memory; automaticity; cognitive load; adult ESL learning; second language acquisition; language production.
MODELING THE INTEGRATION OF COMPETENCY-BASED AND PERSON-CENTERED APPROACHES TO CAREER GUIDANCE IN THE INCLUSIVE EDUCATION PROCESS
In this scientific article, the integration of competence-based and person-centered approaches to vocational guidance in the inclusive education process was scientifically analyzed. The role and significance of innovative systems based on artificial intelligence methodology in adapting youth with special needs to the labor market were revealed. International and national pedagogical experiences were comparatively studied, and a systematic framework applicable in practice was developed. Based on the results of the scientific exploration, specific scientific proposals for improving the integration of the labor market and education were provided and recommended for practical application.
Inclusive education, vocational guidance, competence-based approach, person-centered approach, artificial intelligence, assistive technologies, labor market, adaptation.
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AS A MEANS OF DEVELOPING PROFESSIONAL COMPETENCIES OF MILITARY CADETS
The article examines the potential of artificial intelligence as a means of developing the professional competencies of military cadets within the system of modern military education. The relevance of the study is обусловed by the digital transformation of the educational environment, the increasing complexity of military training tasks, and the need to develop in cadets analytical thinking, readiness to make decisions under conditions of uncertainty, the ability for independent learning, and effective work with information. The purpose of the article is to provide a theoretical substantiation of the possibilities of applying artificial intelligence technologies in the process of forming the professional competencies of military cadets. The study employed methods of scientific literature analysis, a comparative pedagogical approach, generalization of contemporary practices in the digitalization of education, and system analysis. The results show that artificial intelligence contributes to the personalization of learning, increases the objectivity of assessing academic achievements, and promotes the development of situational analysis skills and the modeling of professional actions. It is demonstrated that artificial intelligence shows the greatest effectiveness when integrated into simulation-based, adaptive, and analytical educational environments. It is noted that the application of these technologies requires consideration of pedagogical, organizational, ethical, and information security limitations. It is concluded that artificial intelligence should be regarded not as a substitute for the teacher, but as an intelligent tool that enhances the quality of professional training for military specialists.
Artificial intelligence, military education, military cadets, professional competencies, digitalization of education, adaptive learning, analytical thinking, modeling, decision-making.
LINGUOCULTURAL FEATURES OF ENGLISH TRANSLATIONS OF TOPONYMS IN THE TEXT “BABURNAMA”
This article examines the linguocultural features of toponym translation in the English versions of Baburnama. It analyzes the main translation strategies used in rendering toponyms, including transliteration, semantic translation, explanatory translation, and their combined forms. The study also investigates differences between the Leyden–Erskine and V. Texton translations, focusing on pragmatic adequacy and the degree of cultural meaning preservation. The analysis demonstrates that toponyms function not only as linguistic units but also as linguocultural elements that encode national and cultural information. The findings show that transliteration is effective in preserving national specificity, while explanatory translation improves reader comprehension. However, neither approach fully ensures complete linguocultural equivalence in translation.
Toponyms, Baburnama, linguoculturology, translation studies, transliteration, semantic translation, cultural meaning, pragmatics, linguocultureme, Leyden–Erskine translation, V. Texton.
PECULIAR FEATURES OF FORMING DIGITAL LEADERSHIP AND STRATEGIC COMPETENCIES OF A LEADER IN VOCATIONAL EDUCATION MANAGEMENT
In this article, the specific features of developing digital leadership and strategic competencies of leaders in vocational education management were scientifically analyzed. Theoretical and practical problems of education management in digital transformation processes were deeply studied. Mechanisms for developing strategic thinking, information management, and innovative management skills of executive personnel were revealed. The advanced theoretical views served to digitize education management processes and increase the competitiveness of vocational education institutions. The obtained scientific conclusions and proposals served as a methodological basis for improving the education management system and making data-driven management decisions.
Digital leadership, strategic competence, vocational education, education management, digital transformation, innovative management, executive personnel, information environment.
STUDENTS' PERCEPTIONS OF AI FEEDBACK IN ENGLISH SPEAKING AND WRITING TASKS
This study investigates freshman EFL students' perceptions of ChatGPT feedback in English writing tasks at Tashkent International University of Finance and Technology (TIFT), Uzbekistan. A survey-based design employing Likert-scale questionnaires was administered to 20–40 freshman students following several AI-assisted writing sessions. Findings indicate that students perceived ChatGPT feedback as helpful and accurate, reporting improvements in writing quality and enhanced grammatical awareness. Students demonstrated critical engagement with AI feedback by cross-checking suggestions with their teacher, and expressed a clear preference for a blended model combining AI and teacher feedback. These results suggest that ChatGPT can serve as an effective supplementary feedback tool in EFL writing instruction when integrated alongside human feedback.
AI feedback, ChatGPT, EFL writing, student perceptions, freshman students, Uzbekistan.
EDUCATION BENEFITS IN MOBILE LEARNING PROCESSES
Education and upbringing is the process of passing wisdom, knowledge and skills from one generation to the next. In the modern educational process there are two main forms of learning: traditional and distance learning. One of the most current trends in learning is mobile education or “M-Learning”. This article examines modern methods of supporting the educational process using mobile devices such as tablets, computers, smartphones and cell phones. The paper analyzes the impact of mobile devices on learning and teaching practices and examines the use of digital media on mobile platforms. The main purpose of this paper is to investigate the current state of mobile learning and present possible ways of its development in the context of improving educational technologies and methods.
Education, learning, M-learning, mobile, teaching.
HUMAN FACTORS AND ITS SOLUTIONS FOR FLIGHT SAFETY
This article analyzes the human factors affecting flight safety in the aviation sector, the causes of its occurrence, and ways to mitigate risks. Human errors, psychological and physiological factors, crew resource management (CRM), modern training systems, and the importance of safety culture are highlighted. The results of the study show that effective management of the human factor is an important condition for ensuring flight safety.
Flight safety, human factor, aviation, crew, CRM, safety culture, human error.
PHYTONYMIC PHRASEOLOGICAL UNITS IN UZBEK AND ENGLISH: A CONTRASTIVE SEMANTIC ANALYSIS
This article examines the semantic structure of phraseological units (PUs) with phytonymic components — that is, idioms built around plant names — in Uzbek and English from a contrastive perspective. Working with a corpus of 106 units (54 Uzbek, 52 English), the study identifies the semantic fields these expressions cluster around, traces the cultural motivations behind their figurative meanings, and maps the points where the two languages converge or diverge. The analysis shows that universal human experiences — the cycles of plant growth and decay, the sensory qualities of flowers and fruit — produce a recognisable zone of semantic overlap across the two languages. At the same time, the agricultural heritage of Uzbek culture and the cultural symbolism attached to specific plants pull the two phytonymic repertoires in noticeably different directions. These findings have implications for contrastive phraseology, cognitive linguistics, and the teaching of idioms in foreign-language classrooms.
Phytonym, phraseological unit, semantic field, cultural motivation, contrastive analysis, cognitive linguistics, Uzbek, English, figurative meaning, idiom.
KEY ASPECTS AND PRINCIPLES OF DEVELOPING A GREEN ECONOMY IN UZBEKISTAN
The development strategy of the modern world is aimed at improving the quality of life in society. An inseparable component of society’s quality of life is the existence of suitable ecological conditions. Problems such as gas pollution of cities, littering of билан ифлосланиши, territories, shallowing, of rivers, catastrophic deforestation and desertification are creating an alarming environmental situation requiring reducing urgent measures. This in turn, requires improving, socio-economic-and ва экологик environmental, programs and their implementation mechanisms, as-well as ensuring, adequate and appropriate environmental financing.
environmental, programs and their implementation mechanisms
PEDAGOGICAL CONDITIONS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF PROFESSIONAL COMPETENCIES IN FUTURE ELECTRICAL ENGINEERS
This article analyzes a system of pedagogical conditions aimed at developing the professional practical competencies of future electrical engineers through the four main sections of the Electrical Machines course: transformers, induction machines, synchronous machines, and DC machines. For each section, engineering tasks specific to different types of electrical machines, practical and laboratory activities based on real industrial production processes, pedagogical methods, project-based learning, modeling, and integration with industrial practice were implemented. The study employed a competency-oriented instructional model that combines theoretical knowledge with practical engineering applications. The results of an experimental study involving 256 students conducted between 2023 and 2026 demonstrated that the experimental group achieved significantly higher levels of technical calculation, design, and practical skills compared to the control group, with an average increase of 27.8 percentage points. These findings confirm the effectiveness of the proposed pedagogical conditions in enhancing the professional competencies of future electrical engineers.
Engineering education, electrical engineer, electrical machines, transformers, asynchronous machines, synchronous machines, AC machines, professional competence, pedagogical conditions.
FAMILY ENVIRONMENT AND INDIVIDUAL EMOTIONAL STABILITY
This article provides a psychological analysis of the impact of family environment on an individual’s emotional stability. The system of family relationships, parenting styles, and emotional support within the family and their influence on a person’s psychological state are examined. In addition, the effects of both positive and negative family environments on an individual’s stress resilience, self-confidence, and emotional regulation are discussed on a scientific basis.
Family environment, emotional stability, stress, personality psychology, upbringing, psychological support, self-confidence.
ELECTRONIC LIBRARIES VS TRADITIONAL LIBRARIES
This article provides an extensive comparative analysis of electronic libraries (digital libraries) and traditional (physical) libraries. It explores in depth the fundamental differences in accessibility, cost structures, preservation methods, user experience, information retrieval efficiency, social roles, technical requirements, copyright issues, and future prospects. While traditional libraries offer a tangible, curated environment, cultural heritage preservation, and community-building functions, electronic libraries provide unmatched convenience, speed, 24/7 remote access, powerful search capabilities, and multimedia integration. The article concludes that neither system is superior in all aspects; rather, a hybrid model that integrates both systems offers the most sustainable and inclusive future for library services in the digital age.
Electronic library, digital library, traditional library, hybrid library, information retrieval, accessibility, library management, digital preservation, digital divide, multimedia, copyright, metadata.
TYPES AND TECHNOLOGIES OF PERSONALIZED EDUCATION IN THE ERA OF DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES
This article presents an opinion on the types of personality-oriented learning, its role in society, the importance and relevance of the use of technology in the XXI-st century in the era of digital technology development.
Digital technologies, personality-oriented education, modern education, the XXI-st century.
A STUDY OF PERSONIFICATION SHIFTS IN THE UZBEK TRANSLATION OF LORD OF THE FLIES
This article examines how personification functions in the translation of The Lord of the Flies. Personification is an important stylistic element that shapes the emotional tone and symbolic meaning of the novel, making its accurate transfer into another language a complex task. The study focuses on the ways translators reproduce or adapt personified images, especially when cultural or linguistic differences limit direct equivalence. It also discusses how translation strategies influence the reader’s understanding of key themes such as fear, isolation, and human nature. The article concludes that successful translation requires not only linguistic accuracy but also sensitivity to the figurative and psychological depth of the original work.
Personification, translation, words, language, imagery, feature, context, literary, phrase.
LEARNING AND TEACHING MULTIPLE LANGUAGES
Mastering in languages bring numbers of profits to both individuals’ and academic perception. In this paper we examine the learning and teaching procedure of several languages. This research discusses and will have specific attention respectively to the 1st benefits of multilingualism, 2nd how to be multilingual, 3rd the rules of teaching and 4th challenges also negative sides of being bilingual for the brain in the discussion part. The authors attempt to address the brain working, cognitive reserve, problem-solving and how learning multiple languages affect to people’s mindsets. Although this research highlights the learning tips, it concentrates methods of teaching a language in a more impactful, with strong impression, and accessible through applying the long-term memory. To achieve accurate criteria and addressing the technical challenges, we applied questionnaires and collected data through a survey which has been analysed and represented the grounded results to give us a better understanding of our concerns.
Multilingualism, Language Acquisition, Cognitive Benefits, Language Pedagogy, Long-Term Memory.
INTEGRATING STRUCTURAL, COGNITIVE, AND PRAGMATIC MEANING IN ESL LEARNING: A TRIPARTITE FRAMEWORK FOR EFFECTIVE LANGUAGE ACQUISITION
The persistent fragmentation of English as a Second Language (ESL) pedagogy—wherein structural accuracy, cognitive processing, and pragmatic appropriateness are routinely treated as discrete, hierarchically ordered instructional objectives—represents a critical impediment to the development of robust communicative competence in second language learners. This article advances a theoretically grounded, empirically informed tripartite framework that systematically integrates these three meaning dimensions into a cohesive, multidimensional pedagogical architecture. Drawing upon converging evidence from systematic reviews of pragmatic competence development spanning three decades of interlanguage pragmatics research, contemporary investigations into the cognitive and metacognitive strategies underlying successful pragmatic performance in academic settings, and foundational models of communicative competence, the framework posits that meaningful, transferable language acquisition emerges exclusively through the concurrent and mutually reinforcing development of grammatical precision, conceptual understanding, and sociocultural contextualization. The article delineates the theoretical foundations of each constituent dimension, rigorously examines their dynamic interdependencies across three critical interfaces—structural-cognitive, cognitive-pragmatic, and structural-pragmatic—and articulates a set of practical classroom applications, including spiral curriculum design, task-based integration protocols, explicit pragmatic instruction methodologies, and technology-enhanced learning environments, all oriented toward fostering integrated competence. By reconceptualizing ESL curricula around this tripartite architecture, the framework offers a principled response to the enduring and well-documented gap between classroom-acquired linguistic knowledge and real- world communicative effectiveness, with significant implications for curriculum design, teacher education, assessment practices, and future research agendas in applied linguistics and second language pedagogy.
ESL pedagogy, pragmatic competence, cognitive linguistics, structural meaning, tripartite framework, language acquisition, communicative competence, task-based instruction.
A STUDY ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF PROFESSIONAL COMPETENCE IN FUTURE ENGLISH LANGUAGE TEACHERS
The growing role of English as a global means of communication has increased the demand for highly qualified English language teachers. This paper examines how professional competence develops among future English teachers and why it is essential in modern education. The study is based on the analysis of theoretical sources, educational practices, and current trends in language teaching. The findings show that effective teaching depends on a combination of linguistic knowledge, pedagogical skills, technological awareness, and the ability to reflect on one’s own practice. The paper argues that teacher education programs must focus on developing these competencies in an integrated way to prepare teachers for real classroom challenges.
Professional competence, English language teaching, teacher education, communicative competence, pedagogy, digital skills.
MODERN METHODS IN TEACHING ENGLISH LANGUAGE
The process of teaching English has changed considerably due to new educational demands and technological progress. Methods that once focused mainly on grammar instruction and memorization are now being replaced by approaches that encourage communication, interaction, and active participation. This study examines modern methods used in English language teaching and analyzes their influence on student learning. The research is based on the analysis of theoretical works and classroom practices. The findings show that interactive activities, communicative techniques, and the use of digital tools contribute to more effective learning outcomes. Students become more confident in using the language and show greater motivation during lessons. The study highlights the importance of adapting teaching methods to current educational needs and emphasizes the role of teachers in creating meaningful learning environments.
English language teaching, modern teaching methods, communicative approach, interactive learning, digital technology, learner-centered instruction.
OPPORTUNITIES AND METHODS FOR IMPROVING THE QUALITY OF EDUCATION IN UZBEKISTAN
This article explores innovative pedagogical mechanisms for enhancing quality indicators within the education system of Uzbekistan. At the core of the research lies an original teaching curriculum based on the integration of the Flipped Learning model and the KWL (Know, want to know, Learned) reflection method. The study theoretically and practically substantiates the effectiveness of this methodical synergy in boosting students' independent learning engagement and systematizing acquired knowledge. Furthermore, it analyzes the implementation stages of the developed curriculum and its projected outcomes. The proposed approach serves as a vital methodological resource for transforming educational processes through modern pedagogical technologies
Quality of education, Flipped Learning, KWL method, South Korean experience, reflection, pedagogical innovation, autonomous learning, educational transformation.
DEVELOPMENT OF NUCLEAR ENERGY AND SAFETY MEASURES IN MODERN NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS
The article provides information on the development of nuclear energy, chain reactions occurring in nuclear reactors, factors ensuring their continuous operation, the impact of ionizing radiation on the cells of living organisms, and the mechanisms of biological changes. Modern nuclear power plants (NPPs) play a central role in the transition to low-carbon energy systems; however, safety concerns remain a significant barrier to their widespread adoption. This paper examines risk assessment methodologies and the implementation of advanced safety measures in nuclear power plants. It is highlighted that various biological changes occur in the organism as a result of exposure to ionizing radiation.
Nuclear reactor, chain reaction, nuclear fuel, ionizing radiation, biological impact, living cell, nuclear energy, risk assessment, safety measures, public trust, regulatory frameworks, passive safety systems, nuclear innovations.
PSYCHOLOGICAL FEATURES OF PROFESSIONAL EXHAUST SYNDROME IN REPRESENTATIVES OF THE MILITARY BRANCH
This article analyzes the psychological features of the professional burnout syndrome in representatives of the military sphere theoretically and empirically. The article considers the three main components of the professional burnout syndrome - emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and decreased personal achievements in the context of military activity. The study analyzes the stress factors inherent in the professional activities of military personnel, their impact on professional burnout, as well as the protective mechanisms of emotional stability and psychological recovery (resilience). Psychological recommendations for the prevention and correction of professional burnout have also been developed.
Military personnel, burnout syndrome, emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, decreased personal achievement, psychological stability, resilience, stress tolerance, psychological prevention.
PROFESSIONAL TRAINING OF TEACHING STAFF AND TASKS FOR STANDARDIZATION OF PRESCHOOL EDUCATION IN UZBEKISTAN
The concept and content of professional training for teaching staff revolves around the quality of preschool education and is currently directly dependent on the professionalism of teaching staff, while the current system for assessing the effectiveness of teaching requires significant changes. As a result, in the context of education modernization and in response to new societal demands on teachers, a professional teacher standard has been developed for the first time in the domestic education system.
Preschool education, Professional training, Teaching staff professionalism, Educational standards, Teacher competence, Education modernization, Pedagogical technologies, Early childhood development.
PRINCIPLES FOR IMPROVING THE METHODOLOGY FOR DEVELOPING THE PROFESSIONAL TRAINING OF FUTURE ENGINEERS USING DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES
This article discusses the issues of developing the professional training of future engineers based on modern digital technologies. The possibilities of improving students' knowledge, skills and competencies through the effective use of digital tools in the educational process are analyzed. The main principles of improving the methodology of professional training are also developed.
Digital technologies, engineering education, professional competence, innovative methods, interactive education.
METHODOLOGICAL BASIS OF IMPROVING THE PREPARATION OF FUTURE ENGINEERS FOR PROFESSIONAL ACTIVITY BASED ON MEDIA EDUCATIONAL MEANS
The article discusses the methodological foundations of improving the process of preparing future engineers for professional activity through the use of media education tools. The study analyzes the role of digital technologies, interactive media resources, virtual laboratories, simulators and multimedia educational complexes in engineering education. The didactic possibilities of media education - visualization, modeling, remote formation of practical skills, as well as methods that focus on solving engineering problems based on a creative approach - are substantiated.
Media education, media tools, engineering education, professional competence, digital technologies, methodological foundations, virtual laboratory, multimedia education.
DEVELOPMENT OF VALEOLOGICAL EDUCATION AMONG FUTURE PRESCHOOL EDUCATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS
This article examines the theoretical and practical foundations for developing valeological education among future preschool educators. The study highlights the importance of forming a healthy lifestyle culture, improving professional competencies, and integrating health-preserving technologies into the educational process. The role of valeology in preparing competitive and health-conscious specialists is also discussed.
Valeology, preschool education, healthy lifestyle, pedagogy, health culture, future educators.