Quest Journal of Interdisciplinary Research
Quest Journal of Interdisciplinary Research is a peer-reviewed, open-access journal dedicated to interdisciplinary and cross-disciplinary studies. The journal emphasizes research that integrates concepts, methods, and perspectives from multiple disciplines to address complex academic and societal challenges. Aim & Scope The journal aims to foster interdisciplinary collaboration and innovative research outcomes. Scope includes: Interdisciplinary Social Sciences, Education, Management, Economics, Policy Studies, Science and Technology, Environmental Studies, Sustainability, Health and Society, and Emerging Research Areas. ISSN (E): 3054-3347 ResearchBib: 10.25
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NEUROMARKETING AND ITS IMPACT ON BRAND BUILDING AND CUSTOMER LOYALTY IN IRAQ: A CASE STUDY OF APPLE PRODUCT SALES IN BAGHDAD
Background information: Neuromarketing is the merging of multiple disciplines of neuroscience and marketing in order to gain an understanding of the psychology and neuroscience that lie behind consumer behaviours. The application of neuromarketing in developing economies, especially in Iraq, has been limited and empirical evidence on the use of neuromarketing in developing economy is limited. Research Objective: The impact of the neuromarketing stimuli and the perception of the product on consumer loyalty, in the case of Apple's product sales in Baghdad. Methodology: Descriptive – Analytical was used. A structured, pilot-tested questionnaire was used to collect the data from 250 users of Apple products for the study, who were selected in three major shopping centres in Baghdad (Dream City Mall, Mansour Mall, and Baghdad Mall) using stratified random sampling. The reliability of the instruments was confirmed using Cronbach's alpha (α = 0.780). Descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation and multiple regression analysis were used to analyse the data (SPSS v.26). Results: Neuromarketing stimuli (B = 0.255, β = 0.302, t = 3.805, p < 0.01) and brand perception (B = 0.248, β = 0.282, t = 3.179, p < 0.01) both significantly predicted customer loyalty (R² = 0.318). The mean scores for each construct were between 3.42 and 3.66 on a 5-point Likert scale, suggesting high engagement with the Apple brand. The results: The stimuli of neuromarketing can be considered as one of the most important factors that influence customer loyalty in the market of Baghdad, as the perception of the brands. The results indicate that there is a need to apply neuromarketing concepts to local marketing in order to build brand loyalty and relationships with customers.
Neuromarketing; Brand Building; Customer Loyalty; Consumer Behaviour; Baghdad; Iraq.
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IMPLEMENTATION OF INTERDISCIPLINARY CONNECTIONS AS ONE OF THE DIRECTIONS IN THE TRAINING OF FUTURE BIOLOGY TEACHERS
This article reveals pedagogical conditions aimed at the effective instruction of prospective teacher of biology: strengthening of inter-subject links between the curricula for studying methods of teaching chemistry and biology in a pedagogical higher educational institution; improvement of the curricula for studying methods of teaching chemistry and biology in a pedagogical higher educational institution due to introduction of pedagogical teaching technologies.
Inter-subject links, pedagogical technologies, chemistry, biology, prospective teacher, pedagogical conditions.
ANALYZING THE ORGANIZATIONAL AND METHODOLOGICAL APPROACHES TO ENSURING THE SAFETY OF HUMAN ACTIVITY IN EMERGENCY SITUATIONS
This article analyzes organizational and methodological approaches to ensuring human safety in emergency situations. The study examines the theoretical and practical aspects of risk-based management, integrated safety systems, safety culture, human factors, and the resilience concept. In addition, safety management mechanisms based on the requirements of the ISO 45001 and ISO 31000 international standards are analyzed. The research findings indicate that improving the effectiveness of protecting human life and health in emergencies requires the implementation of integrated approaches based on risk management, the development of safety culture, and consideration of human factors.
Emergency situation, human safety, risk-based approach, safety culture, human factor, ISO 45001, ISO 31000, risk management.
SOCIO-PSYCHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF REFLECTION AND SELF-REGULATION MECHANISMS IN THE FORMATION OF PSYCHOLOGICAL CULTURE AMONG YOUTH
This article analyzes the socio-psychological characteristics of reflection and self-regulation mechanisms in the process of forming psychological culture among youth. Psychological culture is considered an important factor ensuring the intellectual, emotional, and social development of the individual. The article examines the theoretical approaches of both domestic and foreign scholars to the problems of reflection and self-regulation. In addition, the results of an empirical study conducted among students of higher education institutions are presented. The findings demonstrate statistically significant relationships between the indicators of reflection, self-regulation, and psychological culture.
Psychological culture, reflection, self-regulation, youth, personality development, socio-psychological factors.
ANALYSIS OF THE INFLUENCE OF HARMFUL ELEMENTS ON THE QUALITY OF CASTINGS IN GREY CAST IRON MELTING
The article proposes a three-stage model for the formation of flake graphite based on [(Mn, X)S-type crystalline nuclei]. In this model, three important groups of elements are involved: • deoxidizing elements, • Mn and S, • modifying elements. During the pre-treatment of the molten metal, various materials—such as carbon materials and metallurgical silicon carbide—are used to control the level of oxidation and to promote the formation of active graphite nucleation sites.
Grey cast iron, S, Al, Zr, Ti, induction furnace, high superheating in the furnace, preconditioning.
APPLICATION OF THERMAL METHODS IN INCREASING THE YIELD OF HIGH VISCOSITY OILS
One of the main conditions for rational work on oil reservoirs with thermal impact is the efficiency of the thermal process. The efficiency of the thermal process is understood as the amount of heat stored in the formation and usefully used to extract oil. The criterion for the effective use of the thermal impact method is the ability to affect viscous oil deposits and achieve a high oil recovery coefficient with minimal expenditure. Hot water or saturated steam is used as a heat carrier for the formation. When hot water is used, this method is called the hot water method of impact, and when hot steam is used, it is called the steam heat method of impact.
Saturated steam, heat transfer fluids, heating method, high-viscosity piles, energy consumption, saturation radius, volumetric heat capacity.
LINGUISTIC FEATURES AS A MEANS OF EXPRESSING SATIRE AND HUMOR IN WASHINGTON IRVING’S PROSE
This article analyzes the role of linguistic features in enhancing satire and humor in Washington Irving’s prose. It examines the author’s artistic language devices, including irony, stylistic and lexical tools used to create satirical and humorous effects. The study also explores the influence of folklore elements and historical-stylistic layers on the literary text. The findings show that Irving’s style is strongly grounded in linguistic mechanisms that effectively convey satire and humor.
Washington Irving, satire, humor, linguistic features, stylistics, irony, literary text, prose.
REPRESENTATION OF NATIONAL HOLIDAYS IN ENGLISH CULTURE
National holidays constitute an essential component of cultural identity and social cohesion within every nation. In England, holidays serve not only as occasions for celebration but also as reflections of historical traditions, religious beliefs, social values, and national consciousness. This article examines the representation of national holidays in English culture, focusing on their historical development, symbolic meanings, and cultural significance. The study explores major English holidays such as Christmas, Easter, New Year's Day, Guy Fawkes Night, Remembrance Day, and St. George's Day. Through a cultural and comparative analysis, the article demonstrates how these celebrations preserve national heritage while adapting to contemporary social changes. The findings reveal that English holidays function as powerful cultural markers that strengthen collective memory and reinforce national identity.
national holidays, English culture, cultural traditions, British identity, Christmas, Easter, Guy Fawkes Night, cultural heritage, national celebrations, social values
ZOONYMIC UNITS PLAY AN IMPORTANT ROLE IN REPRESENTING NATIONAL-CULTURAL WORLDVIEWS
Language serves as a reflection of the cultural values, beliefs, and experiences of a particular society. Among the various linguistic means that convey cultural information, zoonymic units occupy a significant place. Zoonyms, or animal names used in literal and figurative meanings, constitute an essential part of a nation's linguistic and cultural heritage. They embody historical experiences, social attitudes, moral values, and traditional knowledge about the natural world. This article examines the role of zoonymic units in representing national-cultural worldviews. Through linguistic and cultural analysis, the study explores how animal-related expressions, proverbs, idioms, and metaphors reflect the mentality and worldview of different speech communities. The findings indicate that zoonymic units function as important cultural markers that preserve collective knowledge and facilitate intercultural communication.
Zoonymic units, national-cultural worldview, linguoculturology, phraseology, animal symbolism, cultural linguistics, language and culture, metaphor, idioms, national identity
THE ROLE OF COMPOUND WORDS IN THE FORMATION OF THE PRAGMATIC CONTENT OF PHRASEOLOGISMS IN ENGLISH
Phraseological units constitute an essential component of the English language, reflecting not only semantic meanings but also pragmatic, cultural, and communicative functions. Among the linguistic elements that contribute to the formation of phraseological meaning, compound words occupy a significant place. Compound words frequently serve as key components within phraseologisms, enriching their expressive, evaluative, and pragmatic potential. This article investigates the role of compound words in the formation of the pragmatic content of English phraseological units. The study examines the semantic and pragmatic functions of compounds in idioms, fixed expressions, and phraseological combinations. Through linguistic and pragmatic analysis, the research demonstrates that compound words contribute to the transmission of speaker attitudes, emotional evaluations, cultural stereotypes, and communicative intentions. The findings reveal that compounds play a crucial role in shaping the pragmatic effectiveness of phraseological expressions and enhancing their communicative impact.
Compound words, phraseologisms, pragmatics, phraseology, semantic meaning, communicative function, English linguistics, idioms, language and culture, lexical semantics.
POLYSEMANTIC FEATURES OF COMPOUND WORDS IN PHRASEOLOGICAL UNITS
This article examines the influence of aesthetic philosophy on the psychological transformation of Dorian Gray in Oscar Wilde's novel The Picture of Dorian Gray. As one of the most significant works of the late Victorian period, the novel explores the relationship between beauty, morality, identity, and self-destruction through the lens of the Aesthetic Movement. Wilde's philosophy of "art for art's sake" challenges traditional moral values and presents beauty as the highest ideal. The study investigates how aesthetic principles shape Dorian's personality, behavior, and moral decline. Through literary and psychological analysis, the article demonstrates that Dorian's obsession with youth, beauty, and sensory pleasure leads to a gradual corruption of his conscience and identity. The findings reveal that aesthetic philosophy functions both as a source of self-realization and as a catalyst for psychological disintegration.
Polysemy, compound words, phraseological units, semantics, lexical meaning, phraseology, figurative language, linguistic analysis, word formation, cognitive linguistics.
THE ROLE OF AESTHETIC PHILOSOPHY IN DORIAN GRAY’S PSYCHOLOGICAL TRANSFORMATION IN OSCAR WILDE’S NOVEL
Aesthetic philosophy, Oscar Wilde, Dorian Gray, psychological transformation, Aesthetic Movement, beauty, morality, identity, hedonism, Victorian literature
SOCIAL-PSYCHOLOGICAL DETERMINANTS OF VALUE CHANGES IN MIGRANT FAMILIES
This article scientifically analyzes the impact of migration processes on family values and the psychological changes occurring within migrant families. As a result of modern migration processes, the transformation of traditional family values, changes in family roles, intergenerational differences in views, and problems of cultural adaptation are highlighted. In addition, the psychological foundations of decreased emotional closeness, identity issues, and communicative conflicts in migrant families are revealed. The study also examines the positive and negative aspects of migration, as well as the socio-psychological factors that ensure family stability.
Migration, family values, psychological adaptation, migrant families, cultural transformation, identity, intergenerational conflict, social environment.
THREAT TO SPIRITUALITY – OUR IDENTITY AND A THREAT TO OUR FUTURE
The article reflects on the threat to spirituality - a threat to our identity and future.
Spirituality, ideology, enlightenment, education, science, technology, history, reform, economy, politics, oppression, threat, independent, nation, thinking.
OPERATION OF GAS CONDENSATE FIELDS ACCORDING TO THE PROJECT IN THE SURKHANDARYA OIL AND GAS REGIONS
The article considers all hydrocarbon reservoirs, large or small, which are subject to the influence of various types of energy for the movement of oil and gas towards the wells. The potential capabilities of the layers in this regard depend on the natural energy type of the reservoirs. The importance of the initial layer pressure in the manifestation of the regimes and the pressure movement during operation play a significant role. Therefore, general information and solutions are presented in the form of a fundamentally new type of geological solutions.
Piezometric level, reduced water pressure, technological equipment complex, Cenomanian-Albian aquifers, diesel unit, pipeline array, drilling equipment.
PUMPING WATER TO THE BOTTOM OF OIL WELLS
The reduced pressure spreads along the perforation channels, and after a certain distance from the well, the influence of the perforation channels on the pressure distribution becomes negligible, and the flow takes a flat radial form in the direction of the well axis. We call the formation zone around the well up to this limit the active zone of the formation. Here, the flow has a very complex, localized structure near the perforation channels, the greatest pressure gradient and fluid flow velocity.
Well, perforation works, various technologies, flow covers, technological operations, operational column.
DIFFERENT WAYS TO EXPLOIT GAS AND OIL FIELDS
Artificial waterflooding was also effectively carried out at the fields of the former Kyrgyzneft association, where by this time ten out of 13 developed oil reservoirs were covered by waterflooding. A great deal of work on the introduction of waterflooding was carried out during this period by the teams of the Institute of Geology and Exploration of Oil and Gas Fields (IGEOF), the Department of Development and Operation of Oil and Gas Fields of the Tashkent Polytechnic Institute, the central research laboratories of the former Fergananeft, Andizhanneft oil field administrations and the Kyrgyzneft association.
Development system, Oil recovery factor, Reservoir pressure, Well grid, Injection well, Multilayer object, Production regulation, Fergana Oil field, Waterflooding.
This article examines the linguistic and cultural specificity of British humor as well as the humorous functions of English idioms. The study explores the logical structure of British humor and analyses irony, self-deprecation, wordplay and absurdity as its main mechanisms. The contextual meanings of idioms, their capacity to produce laughter and their dependence on cultural background are analysed, and the importance of these aspects for learners of English is substantiated.
British humor, idioms, irony, wordplay, linguoculturology, pragmatics, English language, intercultural communication, stylistics, semantics.
METHODS FOR CLASSIFYING THE RELIEF OF GULLY-PRONE LAND AREAS IN THE NAMANGAN ADYRS
Accelerated anthropogenic land development in Uzbekistan between 1975 and 1985 intensified erosion and man-made soil disturbance, leading to a reduction of more than 350,000 hectares of agricultural land and a deterioration of the country's soil and environmental situation. In the Namangan adyrs, the development of gullies in gully-prone areas through gully erosion as streambeds deepen will become increasingly significant due to the erosion of underlying rocks. The topography of the gullies is also being considered.
Erosion, relief, valleys, plains, low mountains, mid mountains, basins, accelerated erosion, high slopes, river beds, gullies, ravine, damage, ravine-prone areas, Namangan adyrs.
THE IMPORTANCE OF BASKETBALL IN FOSTERING A HEALTHY LIFESTYLE AMONG STUDENTS
This article analyzes the importance of basketball in fostering a healthy lifestyle among students studying at higher education institutions. The impact of basketball on physical, psychological, and social development is scientifically highlighted. Effective methods for involving students in this sport are also considered.
Healthy lifestyle, basketball, students, physical activity, motivation, teamwork.
FOREIGN LANGUAGE ACQUISITION AS A TOOL FOR GLOBAL LEADERSHIP
Nowadays, some languages such as English and Chinese are used as a lingua franca. Not only a tool to communicate, but also as the key quality of leaders. This paper discusses how acquiring foreign languages can boost leadership skills of the individuals. It also examines why children brought up in bilingual environments are more likely to become leaders and how different family backgrounds affect them. Last but not least, some advices are provided on how teachers can help their students to become effective leaders.
Languages, English and Chinese, lingua franca, key quality of leaders, acquiring foreign languages, leadership skills, bilingual environments, family backgrounds, effective leaders.
PHILOSOPHICAL PERSPECTIVES ON INCLUSION AND SOCIAL JUSTICE
In this article, the author outlined why it is important to include people with disabilities in the life of society. There are tens of millions of people living in the world with various characteristics of physical and mental development. Like everyone else, they should be able to fully participate in society. Let's understand what inclusivity is and how it can change the entire society for the better.
Inclusive, inclusive society, limitations, peculiarity, opportunity, mental and physical development.
COMBATING CHILD EXPLOITATION: THE EVOLUTION OF INTERNATIONAL APPROACHES AND PROSPECTS FOR UZBEKISTAN
This article analyzes the development of international mechanisms for combating child exploitation, with a particular focus on the evolution of approaches over the past fifteen years. It examines the experience of the United States in organizing efforts to combat child exploitation, including the structure of specialized units and their priority areas of activity. Special attention is given to contemporary challenges associated with the digitalization of crime and the use of information and communication technologies for the exploitation of children. Based on an analysis of international experience, the article formulates recommendations for improving the national system for combating child exploitation in Uzbekistan, taking into account recent legislative developments, including the adoption of the Law of the Republic of Uzbekistan “On the Protection of Children from All Forms of Violence” (No. ZRU-996, dated November 14, 2024), which entered into force in 2025.
Child exploitation, child trafficking, child pornography, crime prevention, child digital safety, Uzbekistan, international cooperation.
THE PROBLEM OF INTERSUBJECTIVITY IN THE PHILOSOPHICAL VIEWS OF LUDWIG WITTGENSTEIN
This article examines the problem of intersubjectivity in the philosophical views of Ludwig Wittgenstein, focusing on the transformation of his ideas from early logical atomism to later linguistic philosophy. The study analyzes how intersubjectivity is implicitly articulated through Wittgenstein’s concepts of language-games, forms of life, and rule-following practices. Special attention is given to the rejection of private language and its implications for understanding shared meaning and mutual comprehension among individuals. The research employs a hermeneutic and comparative methodological approach, examining primary texts such as Philosophical Investigations alongside relevant secondary literature. It argues that Wittgenstein’s later philosophy provides a non-metaphysical foundation for intersubjectivity, grounding it in socially embedded linguistic practices rather than in transcendental or purely subjective structures.
Intersubjectivity, language-games, forms of life, rule-following, private language argument, meaning, communication, social practices, philosophy of language, Wittgenstein.
LIQUIDITY ANALYSIS OF BANKS' BALANCE SHEET ACCORDING TO INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL REPORTING STANDARDS
The article examines the analysis of the balance sheet liquidity of a commercial bank in accordance with international financial reporting standards in the context of banking system reform. A conclusion was made on the feasibility of carrying out operations in financial markets to solve current problems in the field of financial resource management, the directions for determining the capabilities of the banking sector in order to maintain its stability are substantiated.
Banking system, commercial bank, reforms, financial markets, financial service, international financial reporting standards, balance sheet liquidity, solvency, financial condition, financial resource management, resource base, stability, liquid reserve.
THE CONCEPT OF MATERIALITY IN ESG AUDITING AND ITS SPECIFIC ASPECTS
In this article, in the context of sustainable development The concept of materiality in ESG auditing and its specific aspects the research was reviewed and suggestions and recommendations were made.
Materiality by nature, materiality by quantity, dual materiality, audit strategy.
DIRECTIONS FOR IMPROVING THE QUALITY OF AUDIT WORK BASED ON INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS
This article describes the methodological issues of organizing audit activity. As a result of the conducted research, recommendations on improving the audit quality were developed based on the requirements of international standards.
Audit, audit activitiy, international standards on auditing, audit quality, independence, integrity, objectivity.
IMPROVEMENT OF CASTING TECHNOLOGY USING A LOST METHOD
This article analyzes the industrial significance, technological advantages, and application areas of lost foam casting technology. Particular attention is paid to the effect of the refractory coating applied to the model surface on casting quality formation. The study examines the role of the coating as a thermal insulating layer and its influence on metal fluidity, heat transfer coefficient, and the removal of gaseous and liquid products formed during polystyrene decomposition. In addition, the necessity of a deeper investigation into the relationship between coating thickness and composition with other technological parameters, as well as their influence on casting properties, is substantiated. The results are important for optimizing the lost foam casting process, improving energy efficiency, ensuring environmental safety, and producing high-quality castings with complex geometry.
Lost foam casting, refractory coating, coating thickness, casting quality, polystyrene pattern, heat transfer, gas evolution, molten metal, energy efficiency, environmental safety, complex castings, casting technology.
INTANGIBLE CULTURAL HERITAGE RELATED TO HORTICULTURE (BASED ON FIELD RECORDINGS)
This article contains information about folk knowledge, skills and experiences related to gardening, which are elements of the intangible cultural heritage of the Fergana Valley, as well as information about gardening. The history of the development of gardening in the valley and its widespread spread among the people are widely and comprehensively covered.
Intangible cultural heritage, knowledge, skills, abilities, gardening, experience in storing grapes and apples, special water containers, equipping rooms, underground storage, climatic conditions.
ANALYSIS OF THE DYNAMICS OF INVESTMENTS DIRECTED TO JOINT VENTURES AND ASSOCIATED ORGANIZATIONS AT “O‘ZBEKNEFTGAZ” JSC AND THEIR ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY
This study presents a comprehensive analysis of the dynamics of investments in joint ventures and associated organizations in the oil and gas sector over the period 2018–2025, with a focus on assessing their economic efficiency and the structural changes in the investment portfolio. The study's methodological framework is based on generally accepted indicators for evaluating investment projects, including Net Present Value (NPV), Profitability Index (PI), Internal Rate of Return (IRR), and Payback Period. The results of the analysis indicate that investment activity is characterized by pronounced volatility and undergoes three key stages of development: a period of high investment activity (2018–2019), a stage of restructuring and optimization (2020–2023), and a phase of recovery in investment growth (from 2024 onward). It has been established that institutional and ownership transformations, particularly the redistribution of shares in strategically important companies, have significantly impacted the structure of investments. Sectoral decomposition revealed the dominant role of large enterprises, which account for the main share of the investment portfolio, alongside the expanding participation of new sectors, including the chemical industry. The scientific novelty of the study lies in identifying patterns of transformation in investment policy amid structural changes in the economy and substantiating priority directions for its improvement. The practical significance of the research is defined by the development of recommendations to diversify the investment portfolio, enhance the efficiency of financial resource utilization, implement innovative technologies, and improve the investment risk management system.
Investments, dynamic analysis, joint ventures, restructuring, investment portfolio, economic efficiency.